High Pressure Fuel Pumps
| Item Number | Description |
|---|---|
| 1 | Crankshaft |
| 2 | Auxiliary drive chain |
| 3 | Auxiliary camshaft |
| 4 | Tappet |
| 5 | HP fuel pump |
| 6 | Acoustic cover |
The two HP fuel pumps are identical mechanically-driven pumps installed on the right-hand (RH) side of the sump body, behind the generator. An O-ring seals each of the HP fuel pumps in the sump body. The front HP fuel pump is identified as No. 1 pump; the rear HP fuel pump is identified as No. 2 pump. An acoustic cover is installed on each of the HP fuel pumps.
The HP fuel pumps are single-plunger pumps. The plunger of each pump extends through the sump body and the carrier of the auxiliary camshaft. A tappet on the end each plunger is operated by a two-lobe cam on the auxiliary camshaft. A spring installed on the outside of the plunger ensures the plunger and tappet remain in contact with the cam.
The auxiliary camshaft is driven by the crankshaft, via the auxiliary drive chain, at engine speed. The auxiliary camshaft is timed to match the pump delivery strokes with crankshaft position.
HP Fuel Pump Schematic
| Item Number | Description |
|---|---|
| 1 | PRV (pressure relief valve) |
| 2 | To HP fuel lines |
| 3 | Check valve |
| 4 | Plunger |
| 5 | From LP fuel lines |
| 6 | Damper chamber |
| 7 | Fuel metering valve |
In addition to the plunger, each HP fuel pump contains:
- A damper chamber
- A fuel metering valve
- A check valve
- A PRV.
The damper absorbs pressure pulses from the plunger when the fuel metering valve is open at the start of the delivery stroke.
The fuel metering valve regulates the output pressure from the HP fuel pump. The fuel metering valve is a normally open solenoid valve controlled by the engine control module (ECM). During the inlet stroke of the plunger the fuel metering valve is de-energized, which allows LP fuel into the pumping chamber. The engine control module (ECM) energizes the fuel metering valve closed during the delivery stroke of the plunger, which forces the fuel in the pumping chamber through the check valve into the HP lines. By changing the closing point of the fuel metering valve, the engine control module (ECM) can determine the volume of fuel output during the delivery stroke, and thus the pressure in the HP side of the system.
The check valve prevents the return of HP fuel to the pumping chamber during the inlet stroke of the plunger.
The PRV protects the HP side of the system from excessive pressure if there is a failure of the fuel metering valve. If the pump delivery pressure increases to 195 - 204 bar (2828 - 2959 lbf/in2 ), the PRV opens and returns fuel to the inlet side of the plunger.